중앙대학교 의과대학 안과학교실
Department of Ophthalmology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
© 2026 Korean Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Author contributions
All the work was done by YSC.
Conflicts of interest
No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
Funding
None.
Data availability
Not applicable.
| Relevant factors | Considerations for IOL selection | |
|---|---|---|
| Functional | Central VF loss/Fixation instability | Enhanced monofocal or selected EDOF IOLs |
| Avoid multifocal IOLs in eyes with central VF compromise | ||
| Contrast sensitivity | Enhanced monofocal or selected EDOF IOLs | |
| Avoid multifocal IOLs when CS is reduced | ||
| Anatomical | ACD, AXL, LT, LV | Reassess biometry, the calculation formula, and the target refraction |
| Iris, pupil, and zonules | Caution with diffractive multifocal IOLs | |
| Ocular surface | Glaucoma eye drops/Dry eye syndrome | Recovery from ocular surface disease |
| Repeat keratometry and biometry | ||
| Management | IOP fluctuation/Glaucoma surgery | Caution when IOP is unstable |
| Status before and after glaucoma surgery |
| Category | Efficacy | Clinical implications |
|---|---|---|
| Enhanced monofocal | Improved intermediate vision | Selected glaucoma suspects or patients with early glaucoma without central VF defects |
| Distance vision, CS, and VF outcomes comparable to those with monofocal IOLs | ||
| Extended depth-of-focus | Improved distance and intermediate vision | Selected glaucoma suspects or patients with early glaucoma without central VF defects |
| CS and VF sensitivity comparable to those with monofocal IOLs in patients without central VF defects | ||
| Toric | Reduced refractive cylinder | Regular corneal astigmatism with stable capsular–zonular integrity |
| Improved distance vision | ||
| Multifocal | Potential improvement in near vision and spectacle independence | Routine use is not recommended. Consider for highly selected glaucoma suspects or patients with very early, stable glaucoma. |
| Potential reduction in CS and perimetric sensitivity |
| Status | IOLs to consider | IOLs to use with caution | Key considerations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Glaucoma suspect or ocular hypertension | Enhanced monofocal, EDOF, Selected multifocal | No absolute contraindication | Consider future glaucoma progression |
| Mild glaucoma without central VF defects | Enhanced monofocal, EDOF, Selected multifocal | Multifocal IOLs may reduce CS or visual function | Evaluate central visual function, CS, central VF loss, and the risk of future progression |
| Moderate glaucoma | Enhanced monofocal, Selected EDOF, Toric | Multifocal IOLs | Pre-existing reduction in CS may be exacerbated by light-splitting lenses |
| Advanced glaucoma/Central VF defects | Monofocal, Toric | Multifocal and other light-splitting IOLs | Limited central visual function and CS |
| Avoid additional optical compromise |
ACD, anterior chamber depth; AXL, axial length; CS, contrast sensitivity; EDOF, extended depth-of-focus; IOL, intraocular lens; IOP, intraocular pressure; LT, lens thickness; LV, lens vault; VF, visual field.
CS, contrast sensitivity; IOL, intraocular lens; VF, visual field.
CS, contrast sensitivity; EDOF, extended depth-of-focus; IOL, intraocular lens; VF, visual field.
